Merge pull request #46 from BlackMATov/dev

Dev

.github/workflows/lua5.1.5.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: lua5.1
+name: lua5.1.5
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        lua_version: ["5.1"]
+        lua_version: ["5.1.5"]
         operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
     name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
       - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
         with:
           luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
       - run: |
+          lua -v
           lua ./develop/all.lua

.github/workflows/lua5.2.4.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: lua5.2
+name: lua5.2.4
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        lua_version: ["5.2"]
+        lua_version: ["5.2.4"]
         operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
     name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
       - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
         with:
           luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
       - run: |
+          lua -v
           lua ./develop/all.lua

.github/workflows/lua5.3.6.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: lua5.3
+name: lua5.3.6
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        lua_version: ["5.3"]
+        lua_version: ["5.3.6"]
         operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
     name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
       - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
         with:
           luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
       - run: |
+          lua -v
           lua ./develop/all.lua

.github/workflows/lua5.4.8.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: lua5.4
+name: lua5.4.8
 
 on: [push, pull_request]
 
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        lua_version: ["5.4"]
+        lua_version: ["5.4.8"]
         operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
     name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
       - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
         with:
           luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
       - run: |
+          lua -v
           lua ./develop/all.lua

.github/workflows/lua5.5.0.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: lua5.5.0
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.operating_system}}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        lua_version: ["5.5.0"]
+        operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
+    name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
+      - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
+        with:
+          luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
+      - run: |
+          lua -v
+          lua ./develop/all.lua

.github/workflows/luajit.yml

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-name: luajit
-
-on: [push, pull_request]
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    runs-on: ${{matrix.operating_system}}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        lua_version: ["luajit"]
-        operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
-    name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
-      - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
-        with:
-          luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
-      - run: |
-          lua ./develop/all.lua

.github/workflows/luajit2.1.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+name: luajit2.1
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.operating_system}}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        lua_version: ["luajit-2.1"]
+        operating_system: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
+    name: ${{matrix.operating_system}}-${{matrix.lua_version}}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      - uses: ilammy/msvc-dev-cmd@v1
+      - uses: leafo/gh-actions-lua@v12
+        with:
+          luaVersion: ${{matrix.lua_version}}
+      - run: |
+          lua -v
+          lua ./develop/all.lua

README.md

@@ -2,25 +2,35 @@
 
 > Evolved ECS (Entity-Component-System) for Lua
 
-[![lua5.1][badge.lua5.1]][lua5.1]
-[![lua5.4][badge.lua5.4]][lua5.4]
-[![luajit][badge.luajit]][luajit]
+[![lua5.1.5][badge.lua5.1.5]][lua5.1.5]
+[![lua5.2.4][badge.lua5.2.4]][lua5.2.4]
+[![lua5.3.6][badge.lua5.3.6]][lua5.3.6]
+[![lua5.4.8][badge.lua5.4.8]][lua5.4.8]
+[![lua5.5.0][badge.lua5.5.0]][lua5.5.0]
+[![luajit2.1][badge.luajit2.1]][luajit2.1]
 [![license][badge.license]][license]
 
-[badge.lua5.1]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.1.yml?label=Lua%205.1
-[badge.lua5.4]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.4.yml?label=Lua%205.4
-[badge.luajit]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/luajit.yml?label=LuaJIT
+[badge.lua5.1.5]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.1.5.yml?label=Lua%205.1
+[badge.lua5.2.4]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.2.4.yml?label=Lua%205.2
+[badge.lua5.3.6]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.3.6.yml?label=Lua%205.3
+[badge.lua5.4.8]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.4.8.yml?label=Lua%205.4
+[badge.lua5.5.0]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/lua5.5.0.yml?label=Lua%205.5
+[badge.luajit2.1]: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/.github/workflows/luajit2.1.yml?label=LuaJIT%202.1
 [badge.license]: https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue
 
-[lua5.1]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.1
-[lua5.4]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.4
-[luajit]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Aluajit
+[lua5.1.5]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.1.5
+[lua5.2.4]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.2.4
+[lua5.3.6]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.3.6
+[lua5.4.8]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.4.8
+[lua5.5.0]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Alua5.5.0
+[luajit2.1]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua/actions?query=workflow%3Aluajit2.1
 [license]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License
 
 [evolved]: https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua
 
 - [Introduction](#introduction)
   - [Performance](#performance)
+    - [Benchmarks](#benchmarks)
   - [Simplicity](#simplicity)
   - [Flexibility](#flexibility)
 - [Installation](#installation)
@@ -45,7 +55,8 @@
     - [Batch Operations](#batch-operations)
   - [Systems](#systems)
     - [Processing Payloads](#processing-payloads)
-  - [Predefined Traits](#predefined-traits)
+  - [Predefined Fragments](#predefined-fragments)
+    - [Entity Names](#entity-names)
     - [Fragment Tags](#fragment-tags)
     - [Fragment Hooks](#fragment-hooks)
     - [Unique Fragments](#unique-fragments)
@@ -55,6 +66,8 @@
     - [Fragment Requirements](#fragment-requirements)
     - [Destruction Policies](#destruction-policies)
     - [Custom Component Storages](#custom-component-storages)
+  - [Error Handling](#error-handling)
+  - [Garbage Collection](#garbage-collection)
 - [Cheat Sheet](#cheat-sheet)
   - [Aliases](#aliases)
   - [Predefs](#predefs)
@@ -63,6 +76,8 @@
     - [Chunk](#chunk)
     - [Builder](#builder)
 - [Changelog](#changelog)
+  - [v1.11.0](#v1110)
+  - [v1.10.0](#v1100)
   - [v1.9.0](#v190)
   - [v1.8.0](#v180)
   - [v1.7.0](#v170)
@@ -85,6 +100,10 @@ This library is designed to be fast. Many techniques are employed to achieve thi
 
 Not all the optimizations I want to implement are done yet, but I will be working on them. However, I can already say that the library is fast enough for most use cases.
 
+#### Benchmarks
+
+The library contains some micro-benchmarks for internal use in the [develop/benchmarks](./develop/benchmarks/) directory, but they are not comprehensive and are not intended for comparison with other ECS libraries. I don't like cross-library benchmarks, as they are often biased and not representative of real-world performance. However, you can look at benchmarks from independent third-party authors, for example, [these](https://github.com/jeffzi/lua-ecs-benchmark) nice benchmarks by [@jeffzi](https://github.com/jeffzi) that cover most libraries, including `evolved.lua`.
+
 ### Simplicity
 
 I have tried to keep the [API](#cheat-sheet) as simple and intuitive as possible. I also keep the number of functions under control. All the functions are self-explanatory and easy to use. After reading the [Overview](#overview) section, you should be able to use the library without any problems.
@@ -488,6 +507,7 @@ When you need to spawn multiple entities with identical fragments, use `multi_sp
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.multi_spawn(entity_count, component_table, component_mapper) end
 
 ---@param entity_count integer
@@ -496,6 +516,7 @@ function evolved.multi_spawn(entity_count, component_table, component_mapper) en
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.multi_clone(entity_count, prefab, component_table, component_mapper) end
 ```
 
@@ -526,6 +547,36 @@ end)
 
 Of course, you can use `evolved.multi_clone` in the same way. Builders can also be used for multi-entity spawning and cloning by calling the corresponding methods on the builder object.
 
+Also, for all `multi_` functions, the library provides [`_nr`](#evolvedmulti_spawn_nr) and [`_to`](#evolvedmulti_spawn_to) suffix variants that allow you to perform these operations without returning the list of spawned entities or by copying the spawned entities to your own table, which can be more efficient because it avoids the overhead of allocating and returning a new table.
+
+```lua
+local evolved = require 'evolved'
+
+local position_x, position_y = evolved.id(2)
+
+do
+    -- we don't interest in the list of spawned entities,
+    -- so we use the _nr variant of the multi_spawn function
+
+    evolved.multi_spawn_nr(100, {
+        [position_x] = 0,
+        [position_y] = 0,
+    })
+end
+
+do
+    -- store spawned entities in our own table starting at index 1,
+    -- so we use the _to variant of the multi_spawn function
+
+    local entity_list = {}
+
+    evolved.multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 1, 100, {
+        [position_x] = 0,
+        [position_y] = 0,
+    })
+end
+```
+
 ### Access Operations
 
 The library provides all the necessary functions to access entities and their components. I'm not going to cover all the accessor functions here, because they are pretty straightforward and self-explanatory. You can check the [API Reference](#api-reference) for all of them. Here are some of the most important ones:
@@ -980,7 +1031,42 @@ evolved.process_with(physics_system, delta_time)
 
 `delta_time` in this example is passed as a processing payload to the system's execution callback. Payloads can be of any type and can be multiple values. Also, payloads are passed to prologue and epilogue callbacks if they are defined. Every subsystem in a group will receive the same payload when the group is processed with [`evolved.process_with`](#evolvedprocess_with).
 
-### Predefined Traits
+### Predefined Fragments
+
+#### Entity Names
+
+The library provides a way to assign names to any id using the [`evolved.NAME`](#evolvedname) fragment. This is useful for debugging and development purposes, as it allows you to identify entities or fragments by their names instead of their identifiers. The name of an entity can be retrieved using the [`evolved.name`](#evolvedname-1) function.
+
+```lua
+local evolved = require 'evolved'
+
+local player = evolved.builder()
+    :name('Player')
+    :build()
+
+assert(evolved.name(player) == 'Player')
+```
+
+Names are not unique, so multiple entities can have the same name. Also, the name of an entity can be changed at any time by setting a new name using the [`evolved.NAME`](#evolvedname) fragment as a usual component.
+
+You can find entities by their names using the [`evolved.lookup`](#evolvedlookup) and [`evolved.multi_lookup`](#evolvedmulti_lookup) functions. The [`evolved.lookup`](#evolvedlookup) function returns the first entity with the specified name, while the [`evolved.multi_lookup`](#evolvedmulti_lookup) function returns a list of all entities with the specified name.
+
+```lua
+local evolved = require 'evolved'
+
+local player1 = evolved.builder()
+    :name('Player')
+    :build()
+
+local player2 = evolved.builder()
+    :name('Player')
+    :build()
+
+assert(evolved.lookup('Player') == player1)
+
+local player_list, player_count = evolved.multi_lookup('Player')
+assert(player_count == 2 and player_list[1] == player1 and player_list[2] == player2)
+```
 
 #### Fragment Tags
 
@@ -1346,6 +1432,42 @@ evolved.builder()
 evolved.process_with(MOVEMENT_SYSTEM, 0.016)
 ```
 
+### Error Handling
+
+Since systems perform processing in a deferred scope, any errors that occur during processing can leave the library in an inconsistent state. To handle this, the library runs a protected call for each system and catches any errors that occur. By default, the library will collect the error message and the current stack trace and rethrow the error with this information. It is safe to catch errors, but it can be inconvenient to use with a debugger, because debuggers usually break on the rethrow instead of the place where the error happened. To make it easier to debug errors in systems, the library provides a way to set a custom error handler that will be called when an error occurs during system processing. For example, you can set an error handler that breaks into the debugger:
+
+```lua
+-- we use Local Lua Debugger in this example
+local debugger = require 'lldebugger'
+debugger.start()
+
+local evolved = require 'evolved'
+evolved.error_handler(function(message)
+    debugger.requestBreak()
+    return debug.traceback(message)
+end)
+```
+
+This way, when an error occurs during system processing, the error handler will be called, which will break into the debugger, allowing you to inspect the state of the program at the moment of the error. After you continue execution in the debugger, the error will be rethrown with the original message and stack trace.
+
+### Garbage Collection
+
+While using the library, some internal data structures can become obsolete and should be cleaned up to free memory. For example, empty chunks that no longer contain entities can be removed. Component storages can also have unused capacity that can be shrunk to save memory. The library provides a function to control this garbage collection process.
+
+```lua
+---@param no_shrink? boolean
+function evolved.collect_garbage(no_shrink) end
+```
+
+By default, [`evolved.collect_garbage`](#evolvedcollect_garbage) cleans up obsolete data structures and shrinks component storages to fit their current size. If you pass `true`, it only cleans up obsolete data structures and skips shrinking. This avoids the overhead of resizing storages, which can be expensive.
+
+Call this function periodically to keep memory usage under control. It is best to call it between levels or during loading screens when performance is not critical. Also, call Lua's built-in garbage collector afterward to ensure all unused memory is freed.
+
+```lua
+evolved.collect_garbage()
+collectgarbage('collect')
+```
+
 ## Cheat Sheet
 
 ### Aliases
@@ -1444,9 +1566,13 @@ cancel :: boolean
 
 spawn :: component_table?, component_mapper? -> entity
 multi_spawn :: integer, component_table?, component_mapper? -> entity[], integer
+multi_spawn_nr :: integer, component_table?, component_mapper? -> ()
+multi_spawn_to :: entity[], integer, integer, component_table?, component_mapper? -> ()
 
 clone :: entity, component_table?, component_mapper? -> entity
 multi_clone :: integer, entity, component_table?, component_mapper? -> entity[], integer
+multi_clone_nr :: integer, entity, component_table?, component_mapper? -> ()
+multi_clone_to :: entity[], integer, integer, entity, component_table?, component_mapper? -> ()
 
 alive :: entity -> boolean
 alive_all :: entity... -> boolean
@@ -1477,11 +1603,16 @@ execute :: query -> {execute_state? -> chunk?, entity[]?, integer?}, execute_sta
 
 locate :: entity -> chunk?, integer
 
+lookup :: string -> entity?
+multi_lookup :: string -> entity[], integer
+multi_lookup_to :: entity[], integer, string -> integer
+
 process :: system... -> ()
 process_with :: system, ... -> ()
 
 debug_mode :: boolean -> ()
-collect_garbage :: ()
+error_handler :: {string -> string}? -> ()
+collect_garbage :: boolean? -> ()
 ```
 
 ### Classes
@@ -1510,12 +1641,18 @@ builder :: builder
 
 builder_mt:build :: entity?, component_mapper? -> entity
 builder_mt:multi_build :: integer, entity?, component_mapper? -> entity[], integer
+builder_mt:multi_build_nr :: integer, entity?, component_mapper? -> ()
+builder_mt:multi_build_to :: entity[], integer, integer, entity?, component_mapper? -> ()
 
 builder_mt:spawn :: component_mapper? -> entity
 builder_mt:multi_spawn :: integer, component_mapper? -> entity[], integer
+builder_mt:multi_spawn_nr :: integer, component_mapper? -> ()
+builder_mt:multi_spawn_to :: entity[], integer, integer, component_mapper? -> ()
 
 builder_mt:clone :: entity, component_mapper? -> entity
 builder_mt:multi_clone :: integer, entity, component_mapper? -> entity[], integer
+builder_mt:multi_clone_nr :: integer, entity, component_mapper? -> ()
+builder_mt:multi_clone_to :: entity[], integer, integer, entity, component_mapper? -> ()
 
 builder_mt:has :: fragment -> boolean
 builder_mt:has_all :: fragment... -> boolean
@@ -1566,6 +1703,18 @@ builder_mt:destruction_policy :: id -> builder
 
 ## Changelog
 
+### v1.11.0
+
+- Slightly improved performance of modifying operations for fragments with [`ON_INSERT`](#evolvedon_insert) and [`ON_REMOVE`](#evolvedon_remove) hooks
+- Slightly improved performance of queries with [`EXPLICIT`](#evolvedexplicit) fragments
+- Added the new [`evolved.error_handler`](#evolvederror_handler) function that allows setting a custom error handler for better system processing debugging experience
+
+### v1.10.0
+
+- Added the new [`evolved.lookup`](#evolvedlookup) and [`evolved.multi_lookup`](#evolvedmulti_lookup) functions that allow finding ids by their names
+- Added a non-shrinking version of the [`evolved.collect_garbage`](#evolvedcollect_garbage) function that only collects garbage without shrinking storages
+- Added [`_nr`](#evolvedmulti_spawn_nr) and [`_to`](#evolvedmulti_spawn_to) variants of the [`evolved.multi_spawn`](#evolvedmulti_spawn) and [`evolved.multi_clone`](#evolvedmulti_clone) functions that provide more efficient ways to spawn or clone entities in some cases
+
 ### v1.9.0
 
 - Performance improvements of the [`evolved.destroy`](#evolveddestroy) and [`evolved.batch_destroy`](#evolvedbatch_destroy) functions
@@ -1771,9 +1920,31 @@ function evolved.spawn(component_table, component_mapper) end
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.multi_spawn(entity_count, component_table, component_mapper) end
 ```
 
+### `evolved.multi_spawn_nr`
+
+```lua
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param component_table? evolved.component_table
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.multi_spawn_nr(entity_count, component_table, component_mapper) end
+```
+
+### `evolved.multi_spawn_to`
+
+```lua
+---@param out_entity_list evolved.entity[]
+---@param out_entity_first integer
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param component_table? evolved.component_table
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.multi_spawn_to(out_entity_list, out_entity_first,
+                                entity_count, component_table, component_mapper) end
+```
+
 ### `evolved.clone`
 
 ```lua
@@ -1793,9 +1964,33 @@ function evolved.clone(prefab, component_table, component_mapper) end
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.multi_clone(entity_count, prefab, component_table, component_mapper) end
 ```
 
+### `evolved.multi_clone_nr`
+
+```lua
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param prefab evolved.entity
+---@param component_table? evolved.component_table
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.multi_clone_nr(entity_count, prefab, component_table, component_mapper) end
+```
+
+### `evolved.multi_clone_to`
+
+```lua
+---@param out_entity_list evolved.entity[]
+---@param out_entity_first integer
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param prefab evolved.entity
+---@param component_table? evolved.component_table
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.multi_clone_to(out_entity_list, out_entity_first,
+                                entity_count, prefab, component_table, component_mapper) end
+```
+
 ### `evolved.alive`
 
 ```lua
@@ -1982,6 +2177,35 @@ function evolved.execute(query) end
 function evolved.locate(entity) end
 ```
 
+### `evolved.lookup`
+
+```lua
+---@param name string
+---@return evolved.entity? entity
+---@nodiscard
+function evolved.lookup(name) end
+```
+
+### `evolved.multi_lookup`
+
+```lua
+---@param name string
+---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
+---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
+function evolved.multi_lookup(name) end
+```
+
+### `evolved.multi_lookup_to`
+
+```lua
+---@param out_entity_list evolved.entity[]
+---@param out_entity_first integer
+---@param name string
+---@return integer entity_count
+function evolved.multi_lookup_to(out_entity_list, out_entity_first, name) end
+```
+
 ### `evolved.process`
 
 ```lua
@@ -2004,10 +2228,18 @@ function evolved.process_with(system, ...) end
 function evolved.debug_mode(yesno) end
 ```
 
+### `evolved.error_handler`
+
+```lua
+---@param handler? fun(message: string): string
+function evolved.error_handler(handler) end
+```
+
 ### `evolved.collect_garbage`
 
 ```lua
-function evolved.collect_garbage() end
+---@param no_shrink? boolean
+function evolved.collect_garbage(no_shrink) end
 ```
 
 ## Classes
@@ -2123,9 +2355,31 @@ function evolved.builder_mt:build(prefab, component_mapper) end
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.builder_mt:multi_build(entity_count, prefab, component_mapper) end
 ```
 
+### `evolved.builder_mt:multi_build_nr`
+
+```lua
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param prefab? evolved.entity
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.builder_mt:multi_build_nr(entity_count, prefab, component_mapper) end
+```
+
+### `evolved.builder_mt:multi_build_to`
+
+```lua
+---@param out_entity_list evolved.entity[]
+---@param out_entity_first integer
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param prefab? evolved.entity
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.builder_mt:multi_build_to(out_entity_list, out_entity_first,
+                                           entity_count, prefab, component_mapper) end
+```
+
 #### `evolved.builder_mt:spawn`
 
 ```lua
@@ -2141,9 +2395,29 @@ function evolved.builder_mt:spawn(component_mapper) end
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.builder_mt:multi_spawn(entity_count, component_mapper) end
 ```
 
+#### `evolved.builder_mt:multi_spawn_nr`
+
+```lua
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.builder_mt:multi_spawn_nr(entity_count, component_mapper) end
+```
+
+#### `evolved.builder_mt:multi_spawn_to`
+
+```lua
+---@param out_entity_list evolved.entity[]
+---@param out_entity_first integer
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.builder_mt:multi_spawn_to(out_entity_list, out_entity_first,
+                                           entity_count, component_mapper) end
+```
+
 #### `evolved.builder_mt:clone`
 
 ```lua
@@ -2161,9 +2435,31 @@ function evolved.builder_mt:clone(prefab, component_mapper) end
 ---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
 ---@return evolved.entity[] entity_list
 ---@return integer entity_count
+---@nodiscard
 function evolved.builder_mt:multi_clone(entity_count, prefab, component_mapper) end
 ```
 
+#### `evolved.builder_mt:multi_clone_nr`
+
+```lua
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param prefab evolved.entity
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.builder_mt:multi_clone_nr(entity_count, prefab, component_mapper) end
+```
+
+#### `evolved.builder_mt:multi_clone_to`
+
+```lua
+---@param out_entity_list evolved.entity[]
+---@param out_entity_first integer
+---@param entity_count integer
+---@param prefab evolved.entity
+---@param component_mapper? evolved.component_mapper
+function evolved.builder_mt:multi_clone_to(out_entity_list, out_entity_first,
+                                           entity_count, prefab, component_mapper) end
+```
+
 #### `evolved.builder_mt:has`
 
 ```lua

develop/ROADMAP.md

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 ## Thoughts
 
 - We should have a way to not copy components on deferred spawn/clone
-- Having a light version of the gargabe collector can be useful for some use-cases
 - Basic default component value as true looks awful, should we use something else?
 
 ## Known Issues

develop/all.lua

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 require 'develop.testing.build_tests'
+require 'develop.testing.cached_hooks_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.cancel_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.clone_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.depth_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.destroy_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.locate_tests'
+require 'develop.testing.lookup_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.main_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.mappers_tests'
 require 'develop.testing.multi_spawn_tests'

develop/benchmarks/clone_bmarks.lua

@@ -307,11 +307,11 @@ print '----------------------------------------'
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone | %d entities with 1 component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [F1] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -319,12 +319,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Defer Clone | %d entities with 1 component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [F1] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -333,11 +333,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone With Defaults | %d entities with 1 component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [D1] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -345,11 +345,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone | %d entities with 3 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -357,12 +357,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Defer Clone | %d entities with 3 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -371,11 +371,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone With Defaults | %d entities with 3 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [D1] = true, [D2] = true, [D3] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -383,11 +383,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone | %d entities with 5 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true, [F4] = true, [F5] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -395,12 +395,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Defer Clone | %d entities with 5 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true, [F4] = true, [F5] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -409,11 +409,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone With Defaults | %d entities with 5 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [D1] = true, [D2] = true, [D3] = true, [D4] = true, [D5] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -423,11 +423,11 @@ print '----------------------------------------'
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone | %d entities with 1 required component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RF1] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -435,12 +435,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Defer Clone | %d entities with 1 required component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RF1] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -449,11 +449,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone With Defaults | %d entities with 1 required component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RD1] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -461,11 +461,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone | %d entities with 3 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RF123] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -473,12 +473,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Defer Clone | %d entities with 3 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RF123] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -487,11 +487,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone With Defaults | %d entities with 3 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RD123] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -499,11 +499,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone | %d entities with 5 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RF12345] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -511,12 +511,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Defer Clone | %d entities with 5 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RF12345] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -525,11 +525,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Clone Benchmarks: Multi Clone With Defaults | %d entities with 5 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_clone = evo.multi_clone
+        local multi_clone_nr = evo.multi_clone_nr
 
         local prefab = evo.spawn { [RD12345] = true }
 
-        multi_clone(N, prefab)
+        multi_clone_nr(N, prefab)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)

develop/benchmarks/common_bmarks.lua

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ basics.describe_bench(string.format('Common Benchmarks: Evolved Entity Cycle | %
         local prefab_a = evo.builder():prefab():set(world):set(a, 0):spawn()
         local prefab_b = evo.builder():prefab():set(world):set(b, 0):spawn()
 
-        evo.multi_clone(N, prefab_a)
+        evo.multi_clone_nr(N, prefab_a)
 
         evo.builder()
             :set(world):group(world):query(query_a)
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ basics.describe_bench(string.format('Common Benchmarks: Evolved Simple Iteration
         local query_cd = evo.builder():set(world):include(c, d):spawn()
         local query_ce = evo.builder():set(world):include(c, e):spawn()
 
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0 })
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0 })
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0, [d] = 0 })
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0, [e] = 0 })
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0 })
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0 })
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0, [d] = 0 })
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0, [e] = 0 })
 
         evo.builder()
             :set(world):group(world):query(query_ab)
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ basics.describe_bench(string.format('Common Benchmarks: Evolved Packed Iteration
         local query_d = evo.builder():set(world):include(d):spawn()
         local query_e = evo.builder():set(world):include(e):spawn()
 
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0, [d] = 0, [e] = 0 })
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, { [world] = true, [a] = 0, [b] = 0, [c] = 0, [d] = 0, [e] = 0 })
 
         evo.builder()
             :set(world):group(world):query(query_a)
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ basics.describe_bench(string.format('Common Benchmarks: Evolved Fragmented Itera
         local query_z = evo.builder():set(world):include(chars[#chars]):spawn()
 
         for i = 1, #chars do
-            evo.multi_spawn(N, { [world] = true, [chars[i]] = i, [data] = i })
+            evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, { [world] = true, [chars[i]] = i, [data] = i })
         end
 
         evo.builder()

develop/benchmarks/process_bmarks.lua

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ basics.describe_bench(string.format('Process Benchmarks: Evolved AoS Processing
         local pf = evo.builder():set(wf):spawn()
         local vf = evo.builder():set(wf):spawn()
 
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, {
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, {
             [wf] = true,
             [pf] = { x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, w = 0 },
             [vf] = { x = 0, y = 0, z = 0, w = 0 },
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ basics.describe_bench(string.format('Process Benchmarks: Evolved SoA Processing
         local vzf = evo.builder():set(wf):spawn()
         local vwf = evo.builder():set(wf):spawn()
 
-        evo.multi_spawn(N, {
+        evo.multi_spawn_nr(N, {
             [wf] = true,
             [pxf] = 0,
             [pyf] = 0,

develop/benchmarks/spawn_bmarks.lua

@@ -536,11 +536,11 @@ print '----------------------------------------'
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn | %d entities with 1 component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -548,12 +548,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Defer Spawn | %d entities with 1 component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -562,11 +562,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn With Defaults | %d entities with 1 component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [D1] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -574,11 +574,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn | %d entities with 3 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -586,12 +586,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Defer Spawn | %d entities with 3 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -600,11 +600,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn With Defaults | %d entities with 3 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [D1] = true, [D2] = true, [D3] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -612,11 +612,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn | %d entities with 5 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true, [F4] = true, [F5] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -624,12 +624,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Defer Spawn | %d entities with 5 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true, [F2] = true, [F3] = true, [F4] = true, [F5] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -638,11 +638,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn With Defaults | %d entities with 5 components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [D1] = true, [D2] = true, [D3] = true, [D4] = true, [D5] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -652,11 +652,11 @@ print '----------------------------------------'
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn | %d entities with 1 required component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -664,12 +664,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Defer Spawn | %d entities with 1 required component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [F1] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -678,11 +678,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn With Defaults | %d entities with 1 required component', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [D1] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -690,11 +690,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn | %d entities with 3 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [RF123] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -702,12 +702,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Defer Spawn | %d entities with 3 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [RF123] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -716,11 +716,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn With Defaults | %d entities with 3 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [RD123] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)
@@ -728,11 +728,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn | %d entities with 5 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [RF12345] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
     end)
@@ -740,12 +740,12 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Defer Spawn | %d entities with 5 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [RF12345] = true }
 
         evo.defer()
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
         evo.commit()
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QF1)
@@ -754,11 +754,11 @@ basics.describe_bench(
 basics.describe_bench(
     string.format('Spawn Benchmarks: Multi Spawn With Defaults | %d entities with 5 required components', N),
     function()
-        local multi_spawn = evo.multi_spawn
+        local multi_spawn_nr = evo.multi_spawn_nr
 
         local components = { [RD12345] = true }
 
-        multi_spawn(N, components)
+        multi_spawn_nr(N, components)
 
         evo.batch_destroy(QD1)
     end)

develop/fuzzing/batch_destroy_fuzz.lua

@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@ end
 ---
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end
 
 evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end

develop/fuzzing/destroy_fuzz.lua

@@ -124,11 +124,11 @@ end
 ---
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end
 
 evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end

develop/fuzzing/execute_fuzz.lua

@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ end
 ---
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end
 
 evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_query_list))
@@ -304,5 +304,5 @@ evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
 evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_fragment_list))
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end

develop/fuzzing/explicit_fuzz.lua

@@ -78,11 +78,11 @@ end
 ---
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end
 
 evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end

develop/fuzzing/requires_fuzz.lua

@@ -115,17 +115,17 @@ end
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
     evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
     if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-        evo.collect_garbage()
+        evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
     end
     evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_fragment_list))
 else
     evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_fragment_list))
     if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-        evo.collect_garbage()
+        evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
     end
     evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
 end
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end

develop/fuzzing/unique_fuzz.lua

@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ end
 ---
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end
 
 evo.destroy(__table_unpack(all_entity_list))
 
 if math.random(1, 2) == 1 then
-    evo.collect_garbage()
+    evo.collect_garbage(math.random(1, 2) == 1)
 end

develop/testing/build_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
 

develop/testing/cached_hooks_tests.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+local evo = require 'evolved'
+
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    local insert_hook_calls = 0
+
+    if f1 < f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        insert_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        assert(insert_hook_calls == 1)
+        evo.destroy(e)
+    end
+
+    evo.remove(f1, evo.ON_INSERT)
+    evo.remove(f2, evo.ON_INSERT)
+
+    do
+        insert_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        assert(insert_hook_calls == 0)
+        evo.destroy(e)
+    end
+
+    if f1 < f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        insert_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        assert(insert_hook_calls == 2)
+        evo.destroy(e)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    local insert_hook_calls = 0
+
+    if f1 > f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        insert_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        assert(insert_hook_calls == 1)
+        evo.destroy(e)
+    end
+
+    evo.remove(f1, evo.ON_INSERT)
+    evo.remove(f2, evo.ON_INSERT)
+
+    do
+        insert_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        assert(insert_hook_calls == 0)
+        evo.destroy(e)
+    end
+
+    if f1 > f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_INSERT, function()
+            insert_hook_calls = insert_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        insert_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        assert(insert_hook_calls == 2)
+        evo.destroy(e)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    local remove_hook_calls = 0
+
+    if f1 < f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        remove_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        evo.destroy(e)
+        assert(remove_hook_calls == 1)
+    end
+
+    evo.remove(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE)
+    evo.remove(f2, evo.ON_REMOVE)
+
+    do
+        remove_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        evo.destroy(e)
+        assert(remove_hook_calls == 0)
+    end
+
+    if f1 < f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        remove_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        evo.destroy(e)
+        assert(remove_hook_calls == 2)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    local remove_hook_calls = 0
+
+    if f1 > f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 1
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        remove_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        evo.destroy(e)
+        assert(remove_hook_calls == 1)
+    end
+
+    evo.remove(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE)
+    evo.remove(f2, evo.ON_REMOVE)
+
+    do
+        remove_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        evo.destroy(e)
+        assert(remove_hook_calls == 0)
+    end
+
+    if f1 > f2 then
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    else
+        evo.set(f2, evo.ON_REMOVE, function()
+            remove_hook_calls = remove_hook_calls + 2
+        end)
+    end
+
+    do
+        remove_hook_calls = 0
+        local e = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+        evo.destroy(e)
+        assert(remove_hook_calls == 2)
+    end
+end

develop/testing/cancel_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     assert(evo.defer())
     assert(evo.cancel())

develop/testing/clone_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     do
         local p = evo.spawn()
@@ -395,3 +397,165 @@ do
         end
     end
 end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local p = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.multi_clone_to(entity_list, 1, entity_count, p)
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[1], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[1], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[1], f2) == 'hello')
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == 'hello')
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.multi_clone_to(entity_list, 2, entity_count, p)
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[3], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == 'hello')
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[3], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[3], f2) == 'hello')
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.defer()
+        evo.multi_clone_to(entity_list, 1, entity_count, p)
+        assert(entity_list[1] and entity_list[2])
+        assert(evo.empty_all(entity_list[1], entity_list[2]))
+        evo.commit()
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[1], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[1], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[1], f2) == 'hello')
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == 'hello')
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.defer()
+        evo.multi_clone_to(entity_list, 2, entity_count, p)
+        assert(entity_list[2] and entity_list[3])
+        assert(evo.empty_all(entity_list[2], entity_list[3]))
+        evo.commit()
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[3], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == 'hello')
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[3], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[3], f2) == 'hello')
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local q12 = evo.builder():include(f1, f2):build()
+    local p = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+
+    do
+        assert(select('#', evo.multi_clone_nr(2, p)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 3)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, 'hello')
+
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_clone_nr(2, p)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 5)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, 'hello')
+
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_build_nr(2, p)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 7)
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local q12 = evo.builder():include(f1, f2):build()
+    local p = evo.spawn { [f1] = 42, [f2] = 'hello' }
+
+    do
+        local entity_list = {}
+        assert(select('#', evo.multi_clone_to(entity_list, 1, 2, p)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 3)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, 'hello')
+
+        local entity_list = {}
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_clone_to(entity_list, 1, 2, p)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 5)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, 'hello')
+
+        local entity_list = {}
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_build_to(entity_list, 1, 2, p)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 7)
+        end
+    end
+end

develop/testing/depth_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     assert(evo.depth() == 0)
 

develop/testing/destroy_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local e = evo.id()
     assert(evo.alive(e))

develop/testing/locate_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local e1, e2, f1, f2 = evo.id(4)
 

develop/testing/lookup_tests.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+local evo = require 'evolved'
+
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
+do
+    local e1, e2, e3 = evo.id(3)
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_hello') == nil)
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_world') == nil)
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_hello')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 0 and entity_count == 0)
+        end
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_world')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 0 and entity_count == 0)
+        end
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e1, evo.NAME, 'lookup_hello')
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_hello') == e1)
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_world') == nil)
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_hello')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 1 and entity_count == 1)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e1)
+        end
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_world')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 0 and entity_count == 0)
+        end
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e2, evo.NAME, 'lookup_hello')
+    evo.set(e3, evo.NAME, 'lookup_hello')
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_hello') == e1)
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_world') == nil)
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_hello')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 3 and entity_count == 3)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e1 and entity_list[2] == e2 and entity_list[3] == e3)
+        end
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e2, evo.NAME, 'lookup_world')
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_hello') == e1)
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_world') == e2)
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_hello')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 2 and entity_count == 2)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e1 and entity_list[2] == e3)
+        end
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_world')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 1 and entity_count == 1)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e2)
+        end
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e3, evo.NAME, 'lookup_world')
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_hello') == e1)
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_world') == e2)
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_hello')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 1 and entity_count == 1)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e1)
+        end
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_world')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 2 and entity_count == 2)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e2 or entity_list[1] == e3)
+        end
+    end
+
+    evo.remove(e1, evo.NAME)
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_hello') == nil)
+        assert(evo.lookup('lookup_world') == e2)
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_hello')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 0 and entity_count == 0)
+        end
+
+        do
+            local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_world')
+            assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 2 and entity_count == 2)
+            assert(entity_list[1] == e2 or entity_list[1] == e3)
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local e1, e2, e3 = evo.id(3)
+
+    evo.set(e1, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 1 and entity_count == 1)
+        assert(entity_list[1] == e1)
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e2, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 2 and entity_count == 2)
+        assert(entity_list[1] == e1 and entity_list[2] == e2)
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e3, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 3 and entity_count == 3)
+        assert(entity_list[1] == e1 and entity_list[2] == e2 and entity_list[3] == e3)
+    end
+
+    evo.clear(e1, e2, e3)
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 0 and entity_count == 0)
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e3, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 1 and entity_count == 1)
+        assert(entity_list[1] == e3)
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e2, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 2 and entity_count == 2)
+        assert(entity_list[1] == e3 and entity_list[2] == e2)
+    end
+
+    evo.set(e1, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 3 and entity_count == 3)
+        assert(entity_list[1] == e3 and entity_list[2] == e2 and entity_list[3] == e1)
+    end
+
+    evo.destroy(e3, e2, e1)
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = evo.multi_lookup('lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_list and #entity_list == 0 and entity_count == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local e1, e2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    evo.set(e1, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+    evo.set(e2, evo.NAME, 'lookup_e')
+
+    do
+        local entity_list = {}
+        local entity_count = evo.multi_lookup_to(entity_list, 1, 'lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_count == 2 and entity_list[1] == e1 and entity_list[2] == e2)
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list = {}
+        local entity_count = evo.multi_lookup_to(entity_list, 2, 'lookup_e')
+        assert(entity_count == 2 and entity_list[2] == e1 and entity_list[3] == e2)
+    end
+end

develop/testing/main_tests.lua

@@ -2928,8 +2928,8 @@ do
         last_insert_entity, last_insert_component = 0, 0
         local e = evo.spawn({ [f2] = 21, [f1] = true })
         assert(set_count == 2 and insert_count == 2)
-        assert(last_set_entity == e and last_set_component == 21)
-        assert(last_insert_entity == e and last_insert_component == 21)
+        assert(last_set_entity == e and (last_set_component == 21 or last_set_component == true))
+        assert(last_insert_entity == e and (last_insert_component == 21 or last_insert_component == true))
     end
 
     do
@@ -2948,8 +2948,8 @@ do
         last_insert_entity, last_insert_component = 0, 0
         local e = evo.spawn({ [f3] = 33, [f2] = 22 })
         assert(set_count == 2 and insert_count == 2)
-        assert(last_set_entity == e and last_set_component == nil)
-        assert(last_insert_entity == e and last_insert_component == nil)
+        assert(last_set_entity == e and (last_set_component == nil or last_set_component == 22))
+        assert(last_insert_entity == e and (last_insert_component == nil or last_insert_component == 22))
     end
 end
 

develop/testing/mappers_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
 

develop/testing/multi_spawn_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local entity_list
 
@@ -605,3 +607,164 @@ do
         end
     end
 end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 1, entity_count, { [f1] = 42, [f2] = "hello" })
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[1], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[1], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[1], f2) == "hello")
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == "hello")
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 2, entity_count, { [f1] = 42, [f2] = "hello" })
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[3], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == "hello")
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[3], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[3], f2) == "hello")
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.defer()
+        evo.multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 1, entity_count, { [f1] = 42, [f2] = "hello" })
+        assert(entity_list[1] and entity_list[2])
+        assert(evo.empty_all(entity_list[1], entity_list[2]))
+        evo.commit()
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[1], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[1], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[1], f2) == "hello")
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == "hello")
+    end
+
+    do
+        local entity_list, entity_count = {}, 2
+        evo.defer()
+        evo.multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 2, entity_count, { [f1] = 42, [f2] = "hello" })
+        assert(entity_list[2] and entity_list[3])
+        assert(evo.empty_all(entity_list[2], entity_list[3]))
+        evo.commit()
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[2], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.has_all(entity_list[3], f1, f2))
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[2], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[2], f2) == "hello")
+        assert(evo.get(entity_list[3], f1) == 42 and evo.get(entity_list[3], f2) == "hello")
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local q12 = evo.builder():include(f1, f2):spawn()
+
+    do
+        assert(select('#', evo.multi_spawn_nr(2, { [f1] = 42, [f2] = "hello" })) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 2)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, "hello")
+
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_spawn_nr(2)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 4)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, "hello")
+
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_build_nr(2)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 6)
+        end
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local q12 = evo.builder():include(f1, f2):spawn()
+
+    do
+        local entity_list = {}
+        assert(select('#', evo.multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 1, 2, { [f1] = 42, [f2] = "hello" })) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 2)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, "hello")
+
+
+        local entity_list = {}
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_spawn_to(entity_list, 1, 2)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 4)
+        end
+    end
+
+    do
+        local b = evo.builder():set(f1, 42):set(f2, "hello")
+
+
+        local entity_list = {}
+        assert(select('#', b:multi_build_to(entity_list, 1, 2)) == 0)
+
+        do
+            local entity_count = 0
+
+            for chunk in evo.execute(q12) do
+                local _, chunk_entity_count = chunk:entities()
+                entity_count = entity_count + chunk_entity_count
+            end
+
+            assert(entity_count == 6)
+        end
+    end
+end

develop/testing/name_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local id = evo.id()
 

develop/testing/process_with_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local f = evo.id()
     local e = evo.builder():set(f, 42):spawn()

develop/testing/realloc_tests.lua

@@ -1,10 +1,18 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 ---@type ffilib?
 local ffi = (function()
-    local ffi_loader = package and package.preload and package.preload['ffi']
-    local ffi = ffi_loader and ffi_loader()
-    return ffi
+    if package and package.loaded then
+        local loaded_ffi = package.loaded.ffi
+        if loaded_ffi then return loaded_ffi end
+    end
+
+    if package and package.preload then
+        local ffi_loader = package.preload.ffi
+        if ffi_loader then return ffi_loader() end
+    end
 end)()
 
 if not ffi then

develop/testing/requires_fragment_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
     evo.set(f1, evo.REQUIRES)

develop/testing/spawn_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     do
         local e = evo.spawn()

develop/testing/system_as_query_tests.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 local evo = require 'evolved'
 
+evo.debug_mode(true)
+
 do
     local f1, f2, f3 = evo.id(3)
 

evolved.d.tl

@@ -40,6 +40,18 @@
             prefab?: Entity,
             component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer)): { Entity }, integer
 
+        multi_build_nr: function(self: Builder,
+            entity_count: integer,
+            prefab?: Entity,
+            component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
+        multi_build_to: function(self: Builder,
+            out_entity_list: { Entity },
+            out_entity_first: integer,
+            entity_count: integer,
+            prefab?: Entity,
+            component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
         spawn: function(self: Builder,
             component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer)): Entity
 
@@ -47,6 +59,16 @@
             entity_count: integer,
             component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer)): { Entity }, integer
 
+        multi_spawn_nr: function(self: Builder,
+            entity_count: integer,
+            component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
+        multi_spawn_to: function(self: Builder,
+            out_entity_list: { Entity },
+            out_entity_first: integer,
+            entity_count: integer,
+            component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
         clone: function(self: Builder,
             prefab: Entity,
             component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer)): Entity
@@ -56,6 +78,18 @@
             prefab: Entity,
             component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer)): { Entity }, integer
 
+        multi_clone_nr: function(self: Builder,
+            entity_count: integer,
+            prefab: Entity,
+            component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
+        multi_clone_to: function(self: Builder,
+            out_entity_list: { Entity },
+            out_entity_first: integer,
+            entity_count: integer,
+            prefab: Entity,
+            component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
         has: function(self: Builder, fragment: Fragment): boolean
         has_all: function(self: Builder, ...: Fragment): boolean
         has_any: function(self: Builder, ...: Fragment): boolean
@@ -164,6 +198,18 @@
         component_table?: { Fragment: any },
         component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer)): { Entity }, integer
 
+    multi_spawn_nr: function(
+        entity_count: integer,
+        component_table?: { Fragment: any },
+        component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
+    multi_spawn_to: function(
+        out_entity_list: { Entity },
+        out_entity_first: integer,
+        entity_count: integer,
+        component_table?: { Fragment: any },
+        component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
     clone: function(
         prefab: Entity,
         component_table?: { Fragment: any },
@@ -175,6 +221,20 @@
         component_table?: { Fragment: any },
         component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer)): { Entity }, integer
 
+    multi_clone_nr: function(
+        entity_count: integer,
+        prefab: Entity,
+        component_table?: { Fragment: any },
+        component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
+    multi_clone_to: function(
+        out_entity_list: { Entity },
+        out_entity_first: integer,
+        entity_count: integer,
+        prefab: Entity,
+        component_table?: { Fragment: any },
+        component_mapper?: function(Chunk, integer, integer))
+
     alive: function(entity: Entity): boolean
     alive_all: function(...: Entity): boolean
     alive_any: function(...: Entity): boolean
@@ -208,11 +268,16 @@
 
     locate: function(entity: Entity): Chunk | nil, integer
 
+    lookup: function(name: string): Entity | nil
+    multi_lookup: function(name: string): { Entity }, integer
+    multi_lookup_to: function(out_entity_list: { Entity }, out_entity_first: integer, name: string): integer
+
     process: function(...: System)
     process_with: function(system: System, ...: any)
 
     debug_mode: function(yesno: boolean)
-    collect_garbage: function()
+    error_handler: function(handler?: function(message: string): string)
+    collect_garbage: function(no_shrink?: boolean)
 
     chunk: function(fragment: Fragment, ...: Fragment): Chunk, { Entity }, integer
     builder: function(): Builder

example/conf.lua

@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 if os.getenv('LOCAL_LUA_DEBUGGER_VSCODE') == '1' then
-    require('lldebugger').start()
+    local debugger = require 'lldebugger'
+    debugger.start()
+
+    local evolved = require 'evolved'
+    evolved.error_handler(function(err)
+        debugger.requestBreak()
+        return debug.traceback(err)
+    end)
 end
 
 ---@type love.conf

example/main.lua

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ evolved.builder()
     :name('SYSTEMS.STARTUP')
     :group(STAGES.ON_SETUP)
     :prologue(function()
-        evolved.multi_clone(500, PREFABS.CIRCLE, nil, function(chunk, b_place, e_place)
+        evolved.multi_clone_nr(500, PREFABS.CIRCLE, nil, function(chunk, b_place, e_place)
             local screen_width, screen_height = love.graphics.getDimensions()
 
             ---@type number[], number[]

rockspecs/evolved.lua-1.10.0-0.rockspec

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+rockspec_format = "3.0"
+package = "evolved.lua"
+version = "1.10.0-0"
+source = {
+   url = "git://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua",
+   tag = "v1.10.0",
+}
+description = {
+   homepage = "https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua",
+   summary = "Evolved ECS (Entity-Component-System) for Lua",
+   detailed = [[
+      `evolved.lua` is a fast and flexible ECS (Entity-Component-System) library for Lua.
+      It is designed to be simple and easy to use, while providing all the features needed to create complex systems with blazing performance.
+   ]],
+   license = "MIT",
+   labels = {
+      "ecs",
+      "entity",
+      "entities",
+      "component",
+      "components",
+      "entity-component",
+      "entity-component-system",
+   },
+}
+dependencies = {
+   "lua >= 5.1",
+}
+build = {
+   type = "builtin",
+   modules = {
+      evolved = "evolved.lua",
+   }
+}

rockspecs/evolved.lua-1.11.0-0.rockspec

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+rockspec_format = "3.0"
+package = "evolved.lua"
+version = "1.11.0-0"
+source = {
+   url = "git://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua",
+   tag = "v1.11.0",
+}
+description = {
+   homepage = "https://github.com/BlackMATov/evolved.lua",
+   summary = "Evolved ECS (Entity-Component-System) for Lua",
+   detailed = [[
+      `evolved.lua` is a fast and flexible ECS (Entity-Component-System) library for Lua.
+      It is designed to be simple and easy to use, while providing all the features needed to create complex systems with blazing performance.
+   ]],
+   license = "MIT",
+   labels = {
+      "ecs",
+      "entity",
+      "entities",
+      "component",
+      "components",
+      "entity-component",
+      "entity-component-system",
+   },
+}
+dependencies = {
+   "lua >= 5.1",
+}
+build = {
+   type = "builtin",
+   modules = {
+      evolved = "evolved.lua",
+   }
+}