IJ-MR-146029 PY-76149 code review changes and improvements

* Remove unnecessary descriptor type inference from `PyTargetExpressionImpl.getType`
* Refactor overload resolution for synthetic calls, minor refactorings in PyDescriptorTypeUtil
* Add additional test for __set__
* Do not substitute missing argument types with implicit `Any` in PySyntheticCallHelper
* Always take the first overload for `__set__` if more than one is present

(cherry picked from commit 9d1f9d37f3ea23ce6145f82fc8f62212f744e858)

GitOrigin-RevId: 372dc0e8ccc32095aecf3f611645adc06c2873e9

python/testSrc/com/jetbrains/python/PySyntheticCallHelperTest.java

@@ -32,6 +32,30 @@ public class PySyntheticCallHelperTest extends PyTestCase {
     });
   }
 
+  public void testSimpleFunctionOnTopLevelTooFewArguments() {
+    doTest("int", """
+      def foo(x, y, z) -> int:
+        pass
+      """, () -> {
+      PyFunction function = myFixture.findElementByText("foo", PyFunction.class);
+      return PySyntheticCallHelper.getCallType(function, null, List.of(PyNoneType.INSTANCE),
+                                               TypeEvalContext.codeAnalysis(myFixture.getProject(), myFixture.getFile()));
+    });
+  }
+
+  public void testSimpleFunctionOnTopLevelTooManyArguments() {
+    doTest("int", """
+      def foo(x) -> int:
+        pass
+      """, () -> {
+      PyFunction function = myFixture.findElementByText("foo", PyFunction.class);
+      return PySyntheticCallHelper.getCallType(function, null, List.of(PyNoneType.INSTANCE,
+                                                                       PyBuiltinCache.getInstance(myFixture.getFile()).getStrType(),
+                                                                       PyBuiltinCache.getInstance(myFixture.getFile()).getStrType()),
+                                               TypeEvalContext.codeAnalysis(myFixture.getProject(), myFixture.getFile()));
+    });
+  }
+
   public void testSimpleFunctionWithOverloadsOnTopLevel() {
     doTest("str", """
       from typing import overload, Any

python/testSrc/com/jetbrains/python/inspections/Py3TypeCheckerInspectionTest.java

@@ -2262,6 +2262,25 @@ def foo(param: str | int) -> TypeGuard[str]:
                    """);
   }
 
+  // PY-76399
+  public void testAssignedValueMatchesWithDunderSetOfAttributeUsedInConstructor() {
+    doTestByText("""
+                   class MyDescriptor:
+                       def __set__(self, obj: object, value: str): ...
+                   
+                   
+                   class Test:
+                       member: MyDescriptor
+                   
+                       def __init__(self, member):
+                           self.member = member
+                   
+                   
+                   x = Test("foo")
+                   x.member = <warning descr="Expected type 'int' (from '__set__'), got 'str' instead">42</warning>
+                   """);
+  }
+
   // PY-23067
   public void testFunctoolsWrapsMultiFile() {
     doMultiFileTest();