if a == True: ... if a is True: ... if a is False: ... if a is not False: ... if a is not True: ... if a == []: ... if a != []: ... if b == False: ... if c != True: ... if d != False: ... if a == False: ... # test in a non-boolean context var = a is not True # PY-6876 if a == 0: ... # PY-42817 def f(b: bool, bn: bool | None, l: list, ln: list | None): if False is b: ... if False is not b: ... if bn is True: ... if bn is not True: ... if bn == True: ... if bn != True: ... if bn is False: ... if False is bn: ... if bn is not False: ... if bn == False: ... if bn != False: ... if l == []: ... if l != []: ... if ln == []: ... if ln != []: ...