diff --git a/java/java-tests/testSrc/com/intellij/psi/impl/PsiModificationPerformanceTest.java b/java/java-tests/testSrc/com/intellij/psi/impl/PsiModificationPerformanceTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b110229c5f93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/java-tests/testSrc/com/intellij/psi/impl/PsiModificationPerformanceTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2000-2025 JetBrains s.r.o. and contributors. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license.
+package com.intellij.psi.impl;
+
+import com.intellij.psi.PsiClass;
+import com.intellij.psi.PsiElementFactory;
+import com.intellij.psi.PsiField;
+import com.intellij.testFramework.LightJavaCodeInsightTestCase;
+
+public class PsiModificationPerformanceTest extends LightJavaCodeInsightTestCase {
+  public void testManySmallPSIChangesDoNotCauseQuadraticRecomputationsOfWholeFileText() {
+    int N = 100_000;
+    String text = "  int field;\n".repeat(N);
+
+    PsiClass aClass = PsiElementFactory.getInstance(getProject()).createClassFromText(text, null);
+    assertFalse(aClass.isPhysical());
+    PsiField firstField = aClass.getFields()[0];
+    // would pass only if each PSI change does not cause recomputation of the whole file text in com.intellij.psi.impl.source.PsiJavaFileBaseImpl.getLanguageLevelInner
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+      firstField.setName("f" + i);
+    }
+    assertFalse(aClass.isPhysical());
+    assertEquals(N, aClass.getFields().length);
+  }
+}