diff --git a/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/resources/intellij.devkit.core.xml b/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/resources/intellij.devkit.core.xml
index ee571be5d810..90f490ee12e7 100644
--- a/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/resources/intellij.devkit.core.xml
+++ b/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/resources/intellij.devkit.core.xml
@@ -585,6 +585,9 @@
 
     <applicationService serviceImplementation="org.jetbrains.idea.devkit.actions.updateFromSources.UpdateFromSourcesSettings"/>
 
+    <projectService serviceImplementation="org.jetbrains.idea.devkit.run.JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings"
+                    configurationSchemaKey="unitTesting"/>
+
     <notificationGroup id="Plugin DevKit Deployment" displayType="BALLOON" bundle="messages.DevKitBundle"
                        key="notification.group.devkit.deployment"/>
     <notificationGroup id="DevKit Errors" displayType="BALLOON" hideFromSettings="true"/>
diff --git a/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitPatcher.java b/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitPatcher.java
index 733e3d931c73..d56f8e5f4fb4 100644
--- a/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitPatcher.java
+++ b/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitPatcher.java
@@ -82,6 +82,10 @@ final class JUnitDevKitPatcher extends JUnitPatcher {
       }
 
       appendAddOpensWhenNeeded(project, jdk, vm);
+
+      if (!Boolean.parseBoolean(vm.getPropertyValue("intellij.devkit.junit.skip.settings.from.intellij.yaml"))) {
+        JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings.getInstance(project).apply(module, javaParameters);
+      }
     }
 
     jdk = IdeaJdk.findIdeaJdk(jdk);
diff --git a/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings.kt b/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..88a0f52bdbad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/devkit/devkit-core/src/run/JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// Copyright 2000-2024 JetBrains s.r.o. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+package org.jetbrains.idea.devkit.run
+
+import com.intellij.configurationStore.Property
+import com.intellij.execution.ShortenCommandLine
+import com.intellij.execution.configurations.JavaParameters
+import com.intellij.openapi.components.*
+import com.intellij.openapi.module.Module
+import com.intellij.openapi.module.ModuleManager
+import com.intellij.openapi.project.Project
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus
+
+@ApiStatus.Internal
+@Suppress("LightServiceMigrationCode") // IJI-2399
+internal class JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings(
+  private val project: Project,
+) : SimplePersistentStateComponent<JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettingsState>(JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettingsState()) {
+  companion object {
+    @JvmStatic
+    fun getInstance(project: Project): JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettings = project.service()
+  }
+
+  fun apply(module: Module?, javaParameters: JavaParameters) {
+    if (module == null) return
+    val runner = state.runners.firstOrNull {
+      it.enabledForModules.any { matchesName(module.name, it) } && it.disabledForModules.none { matchesName(module.name, it) }
+    } ?: return
+
+    for (arg in runner.jvmArgs) {
+      if (arg.startsWith("-D")) {
+        val parts = arg.substring(2).split('=', limit = 2)
+        if (parts.size == 1) {
+          javaParameters.vmParametersList.addProperty(parts[0])
+        }
+        else {
+          javaParameters.vmParametersList.addProperty(parts[0], expandMacros(parts[1], module, javaParameters, project))
+        }
+      }
+      else {
+        javaParameters.vmParametersList.add(arg)
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (env in runner.envs) {
+      val parts = env.split('=', limit = 2)
+      if (parts.size == 1) continue
+      javaParameters.addEnv(parts[0], expandMacros(parts[1], module, javaParameters, project))
+    }
+
+    val mainClassModule = runner.mainClassModule?.let { ModuleManager.getInstance(project).findModuleByName(it) }
+    if (mainClassModule != null) {
+      javaParameters.mainClass = runner.mainClass
+      javaParameters.classPath.clear()
+      javaParameters.configureByModule(mainClassModule, JavaParameters.CLASSES_ONLY)
+    }
+
+    javaParameters.setShortenCommandLine(ShortenCommandLine.ARGS_FILE)
+    javaParameters.setUseDynamicVMOptions(true)
+  }
+
+  private fun expandMacros(value: String, module: Module, javaParameters: JavaParameters, project: Project) = value
+    .replace("${'$'}TEST_MODULE_CLASSPATH$", javaParameters.classPath.pathsString)
+    .replace("${'$'}TEST_MODULE_NAME$", module.name)
+    .replace("${'$'}TEST_PROJECT_BASE_PATH$", project.basePath ?: "")
+
+  private fun matchesName(moduleName: String, pattern: String) =
+    if (pattern.lastOrNull() == '*') {
+      moduleName.startsWith(pattern.substring(0, pattern.length - 1))
+    }
+    else {
+      moduleName == pattern
+    }
+}
+
+@ApiStatus.Internal
+internal class JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettingsState : BaseState() {
+  @Property(description = "List of available runners")
+  var runners by list<JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettingsRunner>()
+}
+
+@ApiStatus.Internal
+internal class JUnitDevKitUnitTestingSettingsRunner : BaseState() {
+  @Property(description = "Name")
+  var name by string()
+
+  @Property(description = "Module name where the main class is defined")
+  var mainClassModule by string()
+
+  @Property(description = "Main class")
+  var mainClass by string()
+
+  @Property(description = "List of module names (or patterns) this runner should be applied to")
+  var enabledForModules by list<String>()
+
+  @Property(description = "List of module names (or patterns) this runner must not be applied to")
+  var disabledForModules by list<String>()
+
+  @Property(description = "Additional JVM arguments")
+  var jvmArgs by list<String>()
+
+  @Property(description = "Additional environment variables")
+  var envs by list<String>()
+}