diff --git a/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowCollector.kt b/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowCollector.kt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..22dd44948a0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowCollector.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright 2000-2024 JetBrains s.r.o. and contributors. Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2.0 license.
+package com.intellij.application.options.colors
+
+import com.intellij.internal.statistic.eventLog.EventLogGroup
+import com.intellij.internal.statistic.eventLog.events.EventFields
+import com.intellij.internal.statistic.service.fus.collectors.CounterUsagesCollector
+import com.intellij.lang.Language
+
+
+internal object RainbowCollector : CounterUsagesCollector() {
+  @JvmStatic
+  private val RAINBOW_GROUP = EventLogGroup("rainbow.highlighter", 1)
+  private val KNOWN_LANGUAGE_IDS = Language
+    .getRegisteredLanguages()
+    .map { it.id } // we have an empty string in the list as the ANY language representation
+    .plus(RainbowColorsInSchemeState.DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_NAME)
+    .sorted()
+
+  @JvmStatic
+  val RAINBOW_HIGHLIGHTER_CHANGED_EVENT = RAINBOW_GROUP.registerEvent(
+    "rainbow.highlighter.changed",
+    EventFields.StringList("rainbowOnLanguageIDs", KNOWN_LANGUAGE_IDS),
+  )
+
+  override fun getGroup(): EventLogGroup = RAINBOW_GROUP
+}
diff --git a/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowColorsInSchemeState.java b/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowColorsInSchemeState.java
index 26cbe84a3c44..7837f136f99e 100644
--- a/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowColorsInSchemeState.java
+++ b/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowColorsInSchemeState.java
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import com.intellij.openapi.editor.Editor;
 import com.intellij.openapi.editor.EditorFactory;
 import com.intellij.openapi.editor.colors.EditorColorsScheme;
 import com.intellij.openapi.editor.colors.TextAttributesKey;
+import com.intellij.openapi.options.colors.ColorSettingsPage;
+import com.intellij.openapi.options.colors.RainbowColorSettingsPage;
 import com.intellij.openapi.project.Project;
 import com.intellij.psi.PsiDocumentManager;
 import com.intellij.psi.PsiFile;
@@ -16,8 +18,12 @@ import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.awt.*;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
 
 public final class RainbowColorsInSchemeState {
+  public static final String DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_NAME = "Default";
   private final EditorColorsScheme myEditedScheme;
   private final EditorColorsScheme myOriginalScheme;
 
@@ -41,8 +47,15 @@ public final class RainbowColorsInSchemeState {
   }
 
   private static void updateRainbowMarkup(@NotNull EditorColorsScheme scheme) {
+    Set<String> languagesWithRainbowHighlighting = getRainbowOnLanguageIds(scheme);
+    RainbowCollector.getRAINBOW_HIGHLIGHTER_CHANGED_EVENT().log(languagesWithRainbowHighlighting.stream().toList());
+
     RainbowHighlighter.resetRainbowGeneratedColors(scheme);
-    ApplicationManager.getApplication().getMessageBus().syncPublisher(RainbowStateChangeListener.getTOPIC()).onRainbowStateChanged(scheme);
+    ApplicationManager
+      .getApplication()
+      .getMessageBus()
+      .syncPublisher(RainbowStateChangeListener.getTOPIC())
+      .onRainbowStateChanged(scheme, languagesWithRainbowHighlighting);
 
     Editor[] allEditors = EditorFactory.getInstance().getAllEditors();
     for (Editor editor : allEditors) {
@@ -56,6 +69,27 @@ public final class RainbowColorsInSchemeState {
     }
   }
 
+  @NotNull
+  private static Set<String> getRainbowOnLanguageIds(@NotNull EditorColorsScheme scheme) {
+    TreeSet<String> rainbowOnLanguages = new TreeSet<>();
+    ColorSettingsPage.EP_NAME.forEachExtensionSafe(
+      it -> {
+          if (it instanceof RainbowColorSettingsPage rcp  && RainbowHighlighter.isRainbowEnabledWithInheritance(scheme, rcp.getLanguage())) {
+            Language language = rcp.getLanguage();
+            if (language != Language.ANY) {
+              // Here we skip [Language.ANY] as the language that has no frontend representation
+              // Instead, the [null] language is the Default language
+              // See the [com.jetbrains.rdclient.colorSchemes.ProtocolRainbowColorSettingsPage.getLanguage] implementation
+              rainbowOnLanguages.add(language != null
+                                     ? language.getID()
+                                     : DEFAULT_LANGUAGE_NAME);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+    );
+    return Collections.unmodifiableSet(rainbowOnLanguages);
+  }
+
   public boolean isModified(@Nullable Language language) {
     return (language == null && isRainbowColorsModified())
            || RainbowHighlighter.isRainbowEnabled(myEditedScheme, language) != RainbowHighlighter.isRainbowEnabled(myOriginalScheme, language);
diff --git a/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowStateChangeListener.kt b/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowStateChangeListener.kt
index 078d745f60b7..b6e13e64968d 100644
--- a/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowStateChangeListener.kt
+++ b/platform/platform-impl/src/com/intellij/application/options/colors/RainbowStateChangeListener.kt
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ interface RainbowStateChangeListener {
 
   /**
    * Notifies the subscribers that the global editor colors scheme has changes in the semantic markup state.
-   * @param scheme the scheme with the new semantic markup state
+   *
+   * @param scheme the scheme with the new semantic markup state.
+   * @param rainbowOnLanguages The set of languages that have rainbow highlighting enabled.
    */
-  fun onRainbowStateChanged(scheme: EditorColorsScheme)
+  fun onRainbowStateChanged(scheme: EditorColorsScheme, rainbowOnLanguages: Set<String>)
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/platform/platform-resources/src/META-INF/PlatformExtensions.xml b/platform/platform-resources/src/META-INF/PlatformExtensions.xml
index 690b132ee296..01c779f43061 100644
--- a/platform/platform-resources/src/META-INF/PlatformExtensions.xml
+++ b/platform/platform-resources/src/META-INF/PlatformExtensions.xml
@@ -968,6 +968,7 @@
     <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.internal.statistic.collectors.fus.ui.GotItUsageCollectorGroup"/>
     <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.internal.statistic.collectors.fus.ui.BalloonUsageCollector"/>
     <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.application.options.colors.ReaderModeStatsCollector"/>
+    <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.application.options.colors.RainbowCollector"/>
     <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.diagnostic.IdeErrorDialogUsageCollector"/>
     <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.ide.util.projectWizard.LightweightNewProjectWizardCollector" />
     <statistics.counterUsagesCollector implementationClass="com.intellij.ide.projectWizard.NewProjectWizardCollector"/>