diff --git a/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities.hpp b/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities.hpp
index 3058542..33610c8 100644
--- a/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities.hpp
+++ b/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities.hpp
@@ -31,69 +31,128 @@ namespace meta_hpp::detail
         requires { static_cast<To>(std::declval<From>()); };
 }
 
+namespace meta_hpp::detail
+{
+    template < typename T >
+    concept value_kind =
+        std::same_as<T, value>;
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept decay_value_kind =
+        value_kind<std::decay_t<T>>;
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept uvalue_kind =
+        std::same_as<T, arg> ||
+        std::same_as<T, inst> ||
+        std::same_as<T, value>;
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept decay_uvalue_kind =
+        uvalue_kind<std::decay_t<T>>;
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept decay_non_uvalue_kind =
+        (!decay_uvalue_kind<T>);
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept arg_lvalue_ref_kind =
+        (std::is_lvalue_reference_v<T>);
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept arg_rvalue_ref_kind =
+        (!std::is_reference_v<T>) ||
+        (std::is_rvalue_reference_v<T>);
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept inst_class_ref_kind =
+        (std::is_class_v<T>) ||
+        (std::is_reference_v<T> && std::is_class_v<std::remove_reference_t<T>>);
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept inst_class_lvalue_ref_kind =
+        (std::is_lvalue_reference_v<T> && std::is_class_v<std::remove_reference_t<T>>);
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept inst_class_rvalue_ref_kind =
+        (std::is_class_v<T>) ||
+        (std::is_rvalue_reference_v<T> && std::is_class_v<std::remove_reference_t<T>>);
+}
+
+namespace meta_hpp::detail
+{
+    template < typename T >
+    concept has_less_op_kind = requires(const T& v) {
+        { v < v } -> convertible_to<bool>;
+    };
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept has_equals_op_kind = requires(const T& v) {
+        { v == v } -> convertible_to<bool>;
+    };
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept has_istream_op_kind = requires(std::istream& is, T& v) {
+        { is >> v } -> convertible_to<std::istream&>;
+    };
+
+    template < typename T >
+    concept has_ostream_op_kind = requires(std::ostream& os, const T& v) {
+        { os << v } -> convertible_to<std::ostream&>;
+    };
+}
+
 namespace meta_hpp
 {
     class value final {
     public:
         value() = delete;
 
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
         value(value&& other);
         value(const value& other);
 
+        // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
         value& operator=(value&& other);
         value& operator=(const value& other);
 
-        template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T>
-                 , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, value>, int> = 0
-                 , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::arg>, int> = 0
-                 , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::inst>, int> = 0 >
+        ~value() = default;
+
+        template < detail::decay_non_uvalue_kind T >
         explicit value(T&& val);
 
-        template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T>
-                 , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, value>, int> = 0
-                 , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::arg>, int> = 0
-                 , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::inst>, int> = 0 >
+        template < detail::decay_non_uvalue_kind T >
         value& operator=(T&& val);
 
         void swap(value& other) noexcept;
 
-        const any_type& get_type() const noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] const any_type& get_type() const noexcept;
 
-        void* data() noexcept;
-        const void* data() const noexcept;
-        const void* cdata() const noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] void* data() noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] const void* data() const noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] const void* cdata() const noexcept;
 
         template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T> >
-        Tp& cast() &;
+        [[nodiscard]] Tp& cast() &;
 
         template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T> >
-        Tp&& cast() &&;
+        [[nodiscard]] Tp&& cast() &&;
 
         template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T> >
-        const Tp& cast() const &;
+        [[nodiscard]] const Tp& cast() const &;
 
         template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T> >
-        const Tp&& cast() const &&;
+        [[nodiscard]] const Tp&& cast() const &&;
 
         template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T> >
-        Tp* try_cast() noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] Tp* try_cast() noexcept;
 
         template < typename T, typename Tp = std::decay_t<T> >
-        const Tp* try_cast() const noexcept;
+        [[nodiscard]] const Tp* try_cast() const noexcept;
 
-        template < typename T >
-        friend bool operator<(const value& l, const T& r);
-        template < typename T >
-        friend bool operator<(const T& l, const value& r);
         friend bool operator<(const value& l, const value& r);
-
-        template < typename T >
-        friend bool operator==(const value& l, const T& r);
-        template < typename T >
-        friend bool operator==(const T& l, const value& r);
         friend bool operator==(const value& l, const value& r);
-
-        friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& os, value& v);
+        friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& is, value& v);
         friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const value& v);
     private:
         struct traits;
diff --git a/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities/value.hpp b/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities/value.hpp
index 2f6cd54..7be7bad 100644
--- a/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities/value.hpp
+++ b/headers/meta.hpp/meta_utilities/value.hpp
@@ -9,50 +9,6 @@
 #include "../meta_base.hpp"
 #include "../meta_utilities.hpp"
 
-namespace meta_hpp::detail
-{
-    template < typename T, typename = void >
-    struct has_value_type_less_op : std::false_type {};
-
-    template < typename T >
-    struct has_value_type_less_op<T, std::void_t<decltype(
-        std::declval<const T&>() < std::declval<const T&>()
-    )>> : std::true_type {};
-}
-
-namespace meta_hpp::detail
-{
-    template < typename T, typename = void >
-    struct has_value_type_equals_op : std::false_type {};
-
-    template < typename T >
-    struct has_value_type_equals_op<T, std::void_t<decltype(
-        std::declval<const T&>() == std::declval<const T&>()
-    )>> : std::true_type {};
-}
-
-namespace meta_hpp::detail
-{
-    template < typename T, typename = void >
-    struct has_value_type_istream_op : std::false_type {};
-
-    template < typename T >
-    struct has_value_type_istream_op<T, std::void_t<decltype(
-        std::declval<std::istream&>() >> std::declval<T&>()
-    )>> : std::true_type {};
-}
-
-namespace meta_hpp::detail
-{
-    template < typename T, typename = void >
-    struct has_value_type_ostream_op : std::false_type {};
-
-    template < typename T >
-    struct has_value_type_ostream_op<T, std::void_t<decltype(
-        std::declval<std::ostream&>() << std::declval<const T&>()
-    )>> : std::true_type {};
-}
-
 namespace meta_hpp
 {
     struct value::traits final {
@@ -87,23 +43,23 @@ namespace meta_hpp
                 return v.try_cast<T>();
             },
 
-            .less = +[](const value& l, const value& r) -> bool {
-                if constexpr ( detail::has_value_type_less_op<T>::value ) {
+            .less = +[]([[maybe_unused]] const value& l, [[maybe_unused]] const value& r) -> bool {
+                if constexpr ( detail::has_less_op_kind<T> ) {
                     return l.cast<T>() < r.cast<T>();
                 } else {
                     throw std::logic_error("value type doesn't have less operator");
                 }
             },
 
-            .equals = +[](const value& l, const value& r) -> bool {
-                if constexpr ( detail::has_value_type_equals_op<T>::value ) {
+            .equals = +[]([[maybe_unused]] const value& l, [[maybe_unused]] const value& r) -> bool {
+                if constexpr ( detail::has_equals_op_kind<T> ) {
                     return l.cast<T>() == r.cast<T>();
                 } else {
                     throw std::logic_error("value type doesn't have equality operator");
                 }
             },
 
-            .move_ctor = +[](std::any& dst, value&& src) {
+            .move_ctor = +[]([[maybe_unused]] std::any& dst, [[maybe_unused]] value&& src) {
                 if constexpr ( std::is_move_constructible_v<T> ) {
                     dst.emplace<T>(std::move(src).cast<T>());
                 } else {
@@ -111,7 +67,7 @@ namespace meta_hpp
                 }
             },
 
-            .copy_ctor = +[](std::any& dst, const value& src) {
+            .copy_ctor = +[]([[maybe_unused]] std::any& dst, [[maybe_unused]] const value& src) {
                 if constexpr ( std::is_copy_constructible_v<T> ) {
                     dst.emplace<T>(src.cast<T>());
                 } else {
@@ -119,16 +75,16 @@ namespace meta_hpp
                 }
             },
 
-            .istream = +[](std::istream& os, value& v) -> std::istream& {
-                if constexpr ( detail::has_value_type_istream_op<T>::value ) {
-                    return os >> v.cast<T>();
+            .istream = +[]([[maybe_unused]] std::istream& is, [[maybe_unused]] value& v) -> std::istream& {
+                if constexpr ( detail::has_istream_op_kind<T> ) {
+                    return is >> v.cast<T>();
                 } else {
                     throw std::logic_error("value type doesn't have istream operator");
                 }
             },
 
-            .ostream = +[](std::ostream& os, const value& v) -> std::ostream& {
-                if constexpr ( detail::has_value_type_ostream_op<T>::value ) {
+            .ostream = +[]([[maybe_unused]] std::ostream& os, [[maybe_unused]] const value& v) -> std::ostream& {
+                if constexpr ( detail::has_ostream_op_kind<T> ) {
                     return os << v.cast<T>();
                 } else {
                     throw std::logic_error("value type doesn't have ostream operator");
@@ -141,16 +97,18 @@ namespace meta_hpp
 
 namespace meta_hpp
 {
-    inline value::value(value&& other) {
-        traits_ = other.traits_;
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
+    inline value::value(value&& other)
+    : traits_{other.traits_} {
         traits_->move_ctor(raw_, std::move(other));
     }
 
-    inline value::value(const value& other) {
-        traits_ = other.traits_;
+    inline value::value(const value& other)
+    : traits_{other.traits_} {
         traits_->copy_ctor(raw_, other);
     }
 
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(performance-noexcept-move-constructor)
     inline value& value::operator=(value&& other) {
         if ( this != &other ) {
             traits_ = other.traits_;
@@ -167,21 +125,15 @@ namespace meta_hpp
         return *this;
     }
 
-    template < typename T, typename Tp
-             , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, value>, int>
-             , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::arg>, int>
-             , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::inst>, int> >
+    template < detail::decay_non_uvalue_kind T >
     value::value(T&& val)
     : raw_{std::forward<T>(val)}
-    , traits_{traits::get<Tp>()} {}
+    , traits_{traits::get<std::decay_t<T>>()} {}
 
-    template < typename T, typename Tp
-             , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, value>, int>
-             , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::arg>, int>
-             , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_same_v<Tp, detail::inst>, int> >
+    template < detail::decay_non_uvalue_kind T >
     value& value::operator=(T&& val) {
-        raw_ = std::forward<T>(val);
-        traits_ = resolve_type<Tp>();
+        value temp{std::forward<T>(val)};
+        swap(temp);
         return *this;
     }
 
@@ -253,38 +205,42 @@ namespace meta_hpp
 namespace meta_hpp
 {
     template < typename T >
-    bool operator<(const value& l, const T& r) {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator<(const value& l, const T& r) {
         const any_type& r_type = resolve_type<T>();
-        return (l.get_type() < r_type) || (l.get_type() == r_type && std::less<>{}(l.cast<T>(), r));
+        return (l.get_type() < r_type)
+            || (l.get_type() == r_type && std::less<>{}(l.cast<T>(), r));
     }
 
     template < typename T >
-    bool operator<(const T& l, const value& r) {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator<(const T& l, const value& r) {
         const any_type& l_type = resolve_type<T>();
-        return (l_type < r.get_type()) || (l_type == r.get_type() && std::less<>{}(l, r.cast<T>()));
+        return (l_type < r.get_type())
+            || (l_type == r.get_type() && std::less<>{}(l, r.cast<T>()));
     }
 
-    inline bool operator<(const value& l, const value& r) {
-        return (l.get_type() < r.get_type()) || (l.get_type() == r.get_type() && l.traits_->less(l, r));
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool operator<(const value& l, const value& r) {
+        return (l.get_type() < r.get_type())
+            || (l.get_type() == r.get_type() && l.traits_->less(l, r));
     }
 }
 
 namespace meta_hpp
 {
     template < typename T >
-    bool operator==(const value& l, const T& r) {
-        const any_type& r_type = resolve_type<T>();
-        return l.get_type() == r_type && std::equal_to<>{}(l.cast<T>(), r);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator==(const value& l, const T& r) {
+        return l.get_type() == resolve_type<T>()
+            && std::equal_to<>{}(l.cast<T>(), r);
     }
 
     template < typename T >
-    bool operator==(const T& l, const value& r) {
-        const any_type& l_type = resolve_type<T>();
-        return l_type == r.get_type() && std::equal_to<>{}(l, r.cast<T>());
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator==(const T& l, const value& r) {
+        return resolve_type<T>() == r.get_type()
+            && std::equal_to<>{}(l, r.cast<T>());
     }
 
-    inline bool operator==(const value& l, const value& r) {
-        return l.get_type() == r.get_type() && l.traits_->equals(l, r);
+    [[nodiscard]] inline bool operator==(const value& l, const value& r) {
+        return l.get_type() == r.get_type()
+            && l.traits_->equals(l, r);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/untests/meta_utilities/value_tests.cpp b/untests/meta_utilities/value_tests.cpp
index 740bcac..72f212c 100644
--- a/untests/meta_utilities/value_tests.cpp
+++ b/untests/meta_utilities/value_tests.cpp
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ TEST_CASE("meta/meta_utilities/value") {
             class empty_class2 {};
 
             CHECK(operator<(meta::value{empty_class1{}}, meta::value{empty_class2{}}));
-            CHECK_THROWS(operator<(meta::value{empty_class1{}}, meta::value{empty_class1{}}));
+            CHECK_THROWS(std::ignore = operator<(meta::value{empty_class1{}}, meta::value{empty_class1{}}));
         }
     }
 
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ TEST_CASE("meta/meta_utilities/value") {
             class empty_class2 {};
 
             CHECK_FALSE(operator==(meta::value{empty_class1{}}, meta::value{empty_class2{}}));
-            CHECK_THROWS(operator==(meta::value{empty_class1{}}, meta::value{empty_class1{}}));
+            CHECK_THROWS(std::ignore = operator==(meta::value{empty_class1{}}, meta::value{empty_class1{}}));
         }
     }
 }