diff --git a/develop/untests.lua b/develop/untests.lua
index ca01cf7..4504dc7 100644
--- a/develop/untests.lua
+++ b/develop/untests.lua
@@ -6655,9 +6655,9 @@ end
 do
     local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
 
-    local c1 = evo.chunk(f1)
-    local c2 = evo.chunk(f2)
-    local c12 = evo.chunk(f1, f2)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    local c2 = assert(evo.chunk(f2))
+    local c12 = assert(evo.chunk(f1, f2))
 
     local e1a = evo.entity():set(f1, 1):build()
     local e1b = evo.entity():set(f1, 2):build()
@@ -6694,3 +6694,416 @@ do
         assert(c12_es[1] == e1a and c12_es[2] == e1b)
     end
 end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f1))
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(f1))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(f2))
+        assert(evo.is_empty(f2))
+
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1 = evo.id()
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, f1))
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    local c2 = assert(evo.chunk(f2))
+    local c12 = assert(evo.chunk(f1, f2))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f2))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 0 and c2_ec == 0)
+
+        local c12_es, c12_ec = evo.entities(c12)
+        assert(c12_es and #c12_es == 1 and c12_ec == 1)
+        assert(c12_es[1] == f2)
+    end
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 1 and c2_ec == 1)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == f2)
+
+        local c12_es, c12_ec = evo.entities(c12)
+        assert(c12_es and #c12_es == 0 and c12_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    local c2 = assert(evo.chunk(f2))
+    local c12 = assert(evo.chunk(f1, f2))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f2))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 0 and c2_ec == 0)
+
+        local c12_es, c12_ec = evo.entities(c12)
+        assert(c12_es and #c12_es == 1 and c12_ec == 1)
+        assert(c12_es[1] == f2)
+    end
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 0 and c2_ec == 0)
+
+        local c12_es, c12_ec = evo.entities(c12)
+        assert(c12_es and #c12_es == 0 and c12_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2, f3 = evo.id(3)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    local c2 = assert(evo.chunk(f2))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f3, f2))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 1 and c1_ec == 1)
+        assert(c1_es[1] == f2)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 1 and c2_ec == 1)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == f3)
+    end
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 1 and c2_ec == 1)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == f3)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2, f3 = evo.id(3)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    local c2 = assert(evo.chunk(f2))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f3, f2))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 1 and c1_ec == 1)
+        assert(c1_es[1] == f2)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 1 and c2_ec == 1)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == f3)
+    end
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 1 and c2_ec == 1)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == f3)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2, f3 = evo.id(3)
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+    local c2 = assert(evo.chunk(f2))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, f1))
+    assert(evo.set(f3, f2))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 1 and c1_ec == 1)
+        assert(c1_es[1] == f2)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 1 and c2_ec == 1)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == f3)
+    end
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+
+        local c2_es, c2_ec = evo.entities(c2)
+        assert(c2_es and #c2_es == 0 and c2_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2, f3, f4, ft = evo.id(5)
+    assert(evo.set(f1, ft))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, ft))
+    assert(evo.set(f3, ft))
+    assert(evo.set(f3, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY))
+    local qt = evo.query():include(ft):build()
+
+    local c4 = assert(evo.chunk(f4))
+    local c14 = assert(evo.chunk(f1, f4))
+    local c24 = assert(evo.chunk(f2, f4))
+    local c234 = assert(evo.chunk(f2, f3, f4))
+    local c124 = assert(evo.chunk(f1, f2, f4))
+
+    local e14 = evo.entity():set(f1, 1):set(f4, 2):build()
+    local e24 = evo.entity():set(f2, 3):set(f4, 4):build()
+    local e234 = evo.entity():set(f2, 5):set(f3, 6):set(f4, 7):build()
+    local e124 = evo.entity():set(f1, 8):set(f2, 6):set(f4, 9):build()
+
+    assert(evo.batch_destroy(qt))
+
+    do
+        local c4_es, c4_ec = evo.entities(c4)
+        assert(c4_es and #c4_es == 3 and c4_ec == 3)
+        assert(c4_es[1] == e14 and c4_es[2] == e24 and c4_es[3] == e124)
+    end
+
+    assert(#evo.entities(c14) == 0)
+    assert(#evo.entities(c24) == 0)
+    assert(#evo.entities(c124) == 0)
+    assert(#evo.entities(c234) == 0)
+
+    assert(evo.is_alive(e14) and not evo.is_empty(e14))
+    assert(evo.is_alive(e24) and not evo.is_empty(e24))
+    assert(not evo.is_alive(e234) and evo.is_empty(e234))
+    assert(evo.is_alive(e124) and not evo.is_empty(e124))
+end
+
+do
+    local f1 = evo.id()
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, f1, f1))
+
+    local remove_count = 0
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE, function(e, f, c)
+        assert(e == f1)
+        assert(f == f1)
+        assert(c == f1)
+        remove_count = remove_count + 1
+    end))
+
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+
+    do
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(f1))
+        assert(remove_count == 1)
+
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1 = evo.id()
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY))
+    assert(evo.set(f1, f1, f1))
+
+    local remove_count = 0
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.ON_REMOVE, function(e, f, c)
+        assert(e == f1)
+        assert(f == f1)
+        assert(c == f1)
+        remove_count = remove_count + 1
+    end))
+
+    local c1 = assert(evo.chunk(f1))
+
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+
+    do
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(f1))
+        assert(remove_count == 1)
+
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1_es and #c1_es == 0 and c1_ec == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2, f3 = evo.id(3)
+
+    assert(evo.set(f1, evo.NAME, 'f1'))
+    assert(evo.set(f2, evo.NAME, 'f2'))
+    assert(evo.set(f3, evo.NAME, 'f3'))
+
+    local c1 = evo.chunk(f1)
+    local c12 = evo.chunk(f1, f2)
+    local c13 = evo.chunk(f1, f3)
+    local c123 = evo.chunk(f1, f2, f3)
+
+    local e1a = evo.entity():set(f1, 1):build()
+    local e1b = evo.entity():set(f1, 2):build()
+
+    local e12a = evo.entity():set(f1, 3):set(f2, 4):build()
+    local e12b = evo.entity():set(f1, 5):set(f2, 6):build()
+
+    local e123a = evo.entity():set(f1, 7):set(f2, 8):set(f3, 9):build()
+    local e123b = evo.entity():set(f1, 10):set(f2, 11):set(f3, 12):build()
+
+    assert(evo.destroy(f2))
+
+    do
+        assert(c1 and c12 and c13 and c123)
+    end
+
+    do
+        local c1_es, c1_ec = evo.entities(c1)
+        assert(c1 and c1_es and c1_ec)
+        assert(c1_ec == 4 and #c1_es == 4)
+        assert(c1_es[1] == e1a and c1_es[2] == e1b and c1_es[3] == e12a and c1_es[4] == e12b)
+    end
+
+    do
+        local c12_es, c12_ec = evo.entities(c12)
+        assert(c12 and c12_es and c12_ec)
+        assert(c12_ec == 0 and #c12_es == 0)
+    end
+
+    do
+        local c13_es, c13_ec = evo.entities(c13)
+        assert(c13 and c13_es and c13_ec)
+        assert(c13_ec == 2 and #c13_es == 2)
+        assert(c13_es[1] == e123a and c13_es[2] == e123b)
+    end
+
+    do
+        local c123_es, c123_ec = evo.entities(c123)
+        assert(c123 and c123_es and c123_ec)
+        assert(c123_ec == 0 and #c123_es == 0)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    do
+        local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+        evo.set(f1, f1)
+        evo.set(f2, f1)
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY)
+        assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(f1))
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(f2))
+    end
+
+    do
+        local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+        evo.set(f1, f1)
+        evo.set(f2, f1)
+        evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY)
+        assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(f1))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(f2) and evo.is_empty(f2))
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY)
+
+    local e12a = evo.entity():set(f1, 1):set(f2, 2):build()
+    local e12b = evo.entity():set(f1, 3):set(f2, 4):build()
+    local e_e12a_e12b = evo.entity():set(e12a, 11):set(e12b, 22):build()
+
+    local e2a = evo.entity():set(f2, 5):build()
+    local e2b = evo.entity():set(f2, 6):build()
+    local e_e2a_e2b = evo.entity():set(e2a, 55):set(e2b, 66):build()
+
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+
+    do
+        assert(not evo.is_alive(e12a) and not evo.is_alive(e12b))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e_e12a_e12b) and evo.is_empty(e_e12a_e12b))
+
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e2a) and evo.is_alive(e2b))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e_e2a_e2b) and not evo.is_empty(e_e2a_e2b))
+    end
+
+    do
+        local c2, c2_es, c2_ec = evo.chunk(f2)
+        assert(c2 and c2_es and c2_ec)
+        assert(#c2_es == 2 and c2_ec == 2)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == e2a and c2_es[2] == e2b)
+    end
+end
+
+do
+    local f1, f2 = evo.id(2)
+
+    evo.set(f1, evo.NAME, "f1")
+    evo.set(f2, evo.NAME, "f2")
+
+    do
+        local c12 = evo.chunk(f1, f2)
+
+        local f3 = evo.id()
+        evo.set(f3, evo.TAG)
+        local c123 = evo.chunk(f2, f1, f3)
+        evo.spawn_at(c123)
+
+        assert(c12, c123)
+    end
+
+    evo.set(f1, evo.ON_DESTROY, evo.REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY)
+
+    local e12a = evo.entity():set(f1, 1):set(f2, 2):build()
+    local e12b = evo.entity():set(f1, 3):set(f2, 4):build()
+    local e_e12a_e12b = evo.entity():set(e12a, 11):set(e12b, 22):build()
+
+    local e2a = evo.entity():set(f2, 5):build()
+    local e2b = evo.entity():set(f2, 6):build()
+    local e_e2a_e2b = evo.entity():set(e2a, 55):set(e2b, 66):build()
+
+    assert(evo.destroy(f1))
+
+    do
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e12a) and evo.is_alive(e12b))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e_e12a_e12b) and not evo.is_empty(e_e12a_e12b))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e2a) and evo.is_alive(e2b))
+        assert(evo.is_alive(e_e2a_e2b) and not evo.is_empty(e_e2a_e2b))
+    end
+
+    do
+        local c2, c2_es, c2_ec = evo.chunk(f2)
+        assert(c2 and c2_es and c2_ec)
+        assert(#c2_es == 4 and c2_ec == 4)
+        assert(c2_es[1] == e2a and c2_es[2] == e2b and c2_es[3] == e12a and c2_es[4] == e12b)
+    end
+end
diff --git a/evolved.lua b/evolved.lua
index a61e6b4..394ee6e 100644
--- a/evolved.lua
+++ b/evolved.lua
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ local __lua_ipairs = ipairs
 local __lua_next = next
 local __lua_pairs = pairs
 local __lua_pcall = pcall
+local __lua_print = print
 local __lua_select = select
 local __lua_setmetatable = setmetatable
 local __lua_string_format = string.format
@@ -1636,6 +1637,73 @@ local __chunk_multi_remove
 ---
 ---
 
+---@param fragment evolved.fragment
+---@param policy evolved.id
+---@return integer purged_count
+local function __purge_fragment(fragment, policy)
+    if __defer_depth <= 0 then
+        __lua_error('purge operations should be deferred')
+    end
+
+    local minor_chunks = __minor_chunks[fragment]
+
+    if not minor_chunks then
+        return 0
+    end
+
+    local purged_count = 0
+
+    if policy == __DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY then
+        for minor_chunk_index = #minor_chunks, 1, -1 do
+            local minor_chunk = minor_chunks[minor_chunk_index]
+            purged_count = purged_count + __chunk_destroy(minor_chunk)
+        end
+    elseif policy == __REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY then
+        for minor_chunk_index = #minor_chunks, 1, -1 do
+            local minor_chunk = minor_chunks[minor_chunk_index]
+            purged_count = purged_count + __chunk_remove(minor_chunk, fragment)
+        end
+    else
+        __lua_print(__lua_string_format('| evolved.lua | unknown ON_DESTROY policy (%s) on (%s)',
+            __id_name(policy), __id_name(fragment)))
+    end
+
+    return purged_count
+end
+
+---@param fragments evolved.fragment[]
+---@param policies evolved.id[]
+---@param count integer
+---@return integer purged_count
+local function __purge_fragments(fragments, policies, count)
+    if __defer_depth <= 0 then
+        __lua_error('purge operations should be deferred')
+    end
+
+    local purged_count = 0
+
+    for index = 1, count do
+        local fragment, policy = fragments[index], policies[index]
+
+        if policy == __DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY then
+            purged_count = purged_count + __purge_fragment(fragment, __DESTROY_ENTITY_POLICY)
+        elseif policy == __REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY then
+            purged_count = purged_count + __purge_fragment(fragment, __REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY)
+        else
+            __lua_print(__lua_string_format('| evolved.lua | unknown ON_DESTROY policy (%s) on (%s)',
+                __id_name(policy), __id_name(fragment)))
+        end
+    end
+
+    return purged_count
+end
+
+---
+---
+---
+---
+---
+
 ---@param chunk evolved.chunk
 ---@param fragment evolved.fragment
 ---@param ... any component arguments
@@ -2180,18 +2248,38 @@ __chunk_destroy = function(chunk)
     end
 
     do
+        local purging_fragments = __acquire_table(__table_pool_tag.fragment_list)
+        local purging_policies = __acquire_table(__table_pool_tag.fragment_list)
+        local purging_count = 0
+
         local entity_chunks = __entity_chunks
         local entity_places = __entity_places
 
         for place = 1, chunk_entity_count do
             local entity = chunk_entities[place]
             local entity_index = entity % 0x100000
+
+            if __minor_chunks[entity] then
+                purging_count = purging_count + 1
+                purging_policies[purging_count] = __chunk_get_components(chunk, place, __ON_DESTROY)
+                    or __REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY
+                purging_fragments[purging_count] = entity
+            end
+
             entity_chunks[entity_index] = nil
             entity_places[entity_index] = nil
+
             __release_id(entity)
         end
 
         __detach_all_entities(chunk)
+
+        if purging_count > 0 then
+            __purge_fragments(purging_fragments, purging_policies, purging_count)
+        end
+
+        __release_table(__table_pool_tag.fragment_list, purging_fragments)
+        __release_table(__table_pool_tag.fragment_list, purging_policies)
     end
 
     __structural_changes = __structural_changes + chunk_entity_count
@@ -4965,14 +5053,10 @@ __evolved_clear = function(entity)
     local chunk = entity_chunks[entity_index]
     local place = entity_places[entity_index]
 
-    if not chunk then
-        return true, false
-    end
-
     __defer()
 
     do
-        if chunk.__has_remove_hooks then
+        if chunk and chunk.__has_remove_hooks then
             local chunk_fragment_list = chunk.__fragment_list
             local chunk_fragment_count = chunk.__fragment_count
             local chunk_component_indices = chunk.__component_indices
@@ -4998,12 +5082,14 @@ __evolved_clear = function(entity)
             end
         end
 
-        __detach_entity(chunk, place)
+        if chunk then
+            __detach_entity(chunk, place)
 
-        entity_chunks[entity_index] = nil
-        entity_places[entity_index] = nil
+            entity_chunks[entity_index] = nil
+            entity_places[entity_index] = nil
 
-        __structural_changes = __structural_changes + 1
+            __structural_changes = __structural_changes + 1
+        end
     end
 
     __commit()
@@ -5031,15 +5117,10 @@ __evolved_destroy = function(entity)
     local chunk = entity_chunks[entity_index]
     local place = entity_places[entity_index]
 
-    if not chunk then
-        __release_id(entity)
-        return true, false
-    end
-
     __defer()
 
     do
-        if chunk.__has_remove_hooks then
+        if chunk and chunk.__has_remove_hooks then
             local chunk_fragment_list = chunk.__fragment_list
             local chunk_fragment_count = chunk.__fragment_count
             local chunk_component_indices = chunk.__component_indices
@@ -5065,13 +5146,31 @@ __evolved_destroy = function(entity)
             end
         end
 
-        __release_id(entity)
-        __detach_entity(chunk, place)
+        do
+            local purging_fragment ---@type evolved.fragment?
+            local purging_policy ---@type evolved.id?
 
-        entity_chunks[entity_index] = nil
-        entity_places[entity_index] = nil
+            if __minor_chunks[entity] then
+                purging_fragment = entity
+                purging_policy = chunk and __chunk_get_components(chunk, place, __ON_DESTROY)
+                    or __REMOVE_FRAGMENT_POLICY
+            end
 
-        __structural_changes = __structural_changes + 1
+            if chunk then
+                __detach_entity(chunk, place)
+
+                entity_chunks[entity_index] = nil
+                entity_places[entity_index] = nil
+
+                __structural_changes = __structural_changes + 1
+            end
+
+            __release_id(entity)
+
+            if purging_fragment then
+                __purge_fragment(purging_fragment, purging_policy)
+            end
+        end
     end
 
     __commit()